U I G H U R C U I S I N E

Uighur cuisine is an original memorial to the culture of the people. It synthesizes influences of the West and East, antiquity and the present, great skill, imagination, beauty and harmony of taste. Here we’d like to introduce some of the meals that are the most popular among the Uighurs.




Cold dishes could be divided into two kinds: dishes of various raw vegetables and cold dishes of boiled and fried vegetables.



Raw vegetables (radish, tomatoes, cucumbers, pepper, string bean, bean sprouts, radish, cabbage, carrots, etc.) are ingredients of cold salads dressed with vinegar, hot oil, pepper and various spices. Ingredients of salads from boiled and fried vegetables are the same vegetables after heat-treating, and also meat, rice starch, and eggs.



"Gül’ Tavaq” - a flower dish - occupies a special place among cold dishes. This dish is a mix prepared from various vegetables, meat, and spices. Even though ingredients readily available determine variety of kinds of this dish, it is always a good-looking dish of chopped vegetables, fried and boiled and chopped meat. As a whole, the dish looks as a flower that consists of multi-colored petals.



First course dishes popular among the Uighurs are:



"Shova" – various broths and soups with rice and vegetables;



“Süyuqash”, soups with noodles, of two kinds: broth and with fried sauce.



The Uighurs call these dishes “meal of the tired”, “meal – rest”. Such soups are seasoned with fresh herbs or roots. Among them:



“Qalighaç tili” - noodles in the form of a swallow’s tongue,



“Üzmä süyuqash” – a soup - tear,



“Yeip Uzup Tashlash” – a soup - tear form rolled out dough,



"Halivash" – a soup with dough cut by large squares,



“Omach" – a soup with grated dough.







Dough for soups can be prepared from different kinds of flour - barley, rice, wheat, and corn. The latter dish is described in “Divanu Lughat-It Türk” by Mahmut Qashqari, a prominent Uighur scholar of the 11th century, and almost has no analogues in other peoples’ cuisine. "Omach" has varieties, one of which is "Sumulyak" that is served as a funeral and memorial repast.



“Längmän” is the most favorite and popular dish of the Uighur cuisine. It includes long noodles prepared from thin strings of dough stretched from thick wisps served with a sauce. Every Uighur meal has its symbolism. This meal is referred to as a dish of love. Love should last long as the noodles are. The Uighurs prepare “längmän” of four kinds depending on seasons. In spring the sauce is prepared from spring onions, jusäy sprouts, celery and radish. In summer, cucumbers, garlic sprouts, usun, short and long kidney bean, tomatoes, green and red pepper, eggplants, garlic, onions and spring onions are added to the sauce. In autumn, the sauce includes carrots, kohlrabi, radish and turnip. In winter the sauce is prepared from dried and pickled vegetables. Also there are different kinds of " längmän", which vary by way of cooking, thickness of noodles, kind of a flour, etc.



"Manty" in dish symbolism relate to a dish of the dzhigits (brave men). "Manty" are cooked on steam in a special cookware, which consists of sieves inserted one into another and called "qasqan”, or a flat vessel, weaved from cane - "jimbil". “Manty”, as well as ravioli - "chöşürä", are prepared from rolled out dough with a stuffing. The dish could be prepared in a variety of ways, with different kind of dough and ingredients of a stuffing. Douhg used for manty could be both leavened and unleavened. The stuffing also could vary including gourd, meat, onions, jüsäy, fig, clover, spring onions, quince, vegetables, and etc.



"Çöşürä" – (ravioli) are cooked for the just married the next day after the marriage and symbolizes a wish to have many kids and prosper. " Çöşürä " could be served as first course as well as second course dish.



The Uighurs frequently cook “polo” - pilaf. In general, this dish is the meal of guests. For a plenty of people, “polo” is cooked by “aşpäz”, specially invited cook who takes care of preparing “polo” on weddings or commemoration services. Cooking “polo” requires hefty skills. Ingredients are rice, meat, carrots and onions. Pretty often “polo” is dressed with garlic or raisin.



"Samsa" is one of the most honored ancient Uighur dishes. It is a patty filled with ground meat and onions, gourd, vegetables and fruits. “Samsa” is cooked in “tono” – cone-shaped oven for baking bread or in a cauldron. Dough for “samsa” is kneaded depending on where it would be cooked. For example, for “tono samsa” dough is kneaded salty and stiff, for “samsa” cooked in a cauldron, dough could be flabby and not stiff, or salty and yeasty.



"Pörä" - some kind of a fried meat pie, filled with herbs, jüsäy, clover, wheat sprouts, dill, cabbage, and coriander. The filling could be the chopped meat and onions.



“Göş nan” - meat bread – patties filled with meat and onions and baked in a cauldron.



“Olouh nan” - steam bread – a roll prepared with carrots, gourd, jüsäy, spring onions, etc.



Cooking of "öpkä-esip" - stuffed lights is the art itself. While slaughtering a sheep, lamb or calf, a butcher tries not to damage the lungs. Integrity of the lungs is checked by inflating them. The stuffing is prepared from the liquid dough, milk, eggs and oil, and poured through a sieve into the lungs. Then they are tied up and submersed into boiling water.



The Uighurs make bread from wheat flour, sometimes, from corn flour. Bread is usually baked in “tono” – big ovens, from leavened or yeasty dough in form of pita: large and thin – “çong nan”, small and thick - "toğaç". In a cauldron the Uighurs bake short puff pitas -“qatlima” from dough made on oil and cream as well as thin pancakes - "poşqal". On holidays people make various short pastries in a cauldron, in particular, "sangza". Bread baked in “tono” is considered the most nutritious, because it absorbs heat of fire. There are more than 40 (forty) ways of making bread in Uighur cuisine.



Tea occupies an important place in a diet of the Uighurs. Since the Silk Road passed through Uighur territories, tea has been known to them for considerable period of time. The Uighurs make tea in different ways and have their own tea rituals.



The Uighurs of the Semirechye (Seven River region) make tea with salt and milk – “atkän çay”. Cream, sour cream, and butter are added to it. It is served in a big bowls – “apqur çinä”. This kind of tea is very nourishing and usually the Uighurs drink it for breakfast. After rich and plentiful meal, usually black tea - “syn çay” - and sweets are served. The Uighurs from Ferghana (Uzbekistan) prefer green tea – “kök çay”.



Uighur cuisine is popular across Central Asia, and one can find Uighur restaurant in many towns and villages.

pétir manta پېتىر مانتا

pétir manta

xuruchi :

aq un 500 giram , qarmuch muwapiq miqdarda , loq qoy gushi bir kilogram , ilman su 250 giram , piyaz bir kilogram , tuz < suyuq > muwapiq miqdarda .
étish usuli :
1 . qoyning loq gushini qonaqtek ushshaq toghrap , ilman su quyup , suyuldurup < suning nisbiti 3:1 bulsa muwapiq > , andin népiz yalpaqlap , piyaz , tuz , soqulghan qarmuchni silip arlashturup qiyma teyyarlindu .
2 . ching, pétir xémir yughurup , yaxshi ishlep , 40 dane zowulni uzup , chorsi bak népiz , ottursi sel qélinraq jilit échip , qiyma silip tugup , jimbilni yaghlap , mantini tizip qasqangha quyup , tiz otta pishurli'idu . paqlan goshi bolsa 15 minutta , chongraq qoyning goshi bulsa 15 - 20 minutta pishidu . eger yuqiri bésimliq qazangha silinsa , 5- 6 minutta pishidu . mantini qasqanda uzaq turghuzsa bulmaydu .
pishqan manta légen yaki nangha élinip , dastixangha kelturuldu . her bir kishige texse bérilidu .
alahidilgi :
jiliti népiz , qiymisi yumshaq , yéngsi'i yéyishlik hem mezzilik .
meslihet :
1 . xémirni bek qattiq hem tuzluq yughurmasliq kérek . 2 . piyazni népiz yalpaqlap , tengnige sélip , ittik pichaq bilen awaylap chanash kérek . piyazni kotekte chanashqa toghra kelse , népiz yalpaqlanghan piyazni ittik pichaq yaki qingraq bilen awaylap téz - téz toghrap , bashqa qachgha yaki goshke sélish kérekki , kotekte uzun qoyup qoyushqa bulmaydu .
chunki mantini tatliq qilidighni piyazning ghashisi emes , uning suyi .
3 . goshni chanmay , uzup - uzup toghrash kirek we yiplirni élwitish kérek .
4 . gosh  oruq bulsa , quyruq yaghni koprek sélish kérek .
5 . gosh yéngi bulsa , qiymisigha suni jiqraq quyush kirek , tong gosh bulsa , suni azraq qoyush kérek .
6 . qiyma élishturghanda mijimay , bash qul bilen erkilitip arlashturup ishlesh lazim . piyazni shu kuni toghrap ishlitish , qondurup qoyushqa bolmaydu .

yapilaq gösh qorumisi ياپىلاق گۆش قورۇمۇسى

yapilaq gösh qorumisi

xuruchi
qoy göshi 500gram ,kawawichin azraq,tuxum bir dane ,ebjesh yagh bir klogram, purchaq uni 35gram,tuz muwapiq miqdarda ,shorpa azraq,suyéghi azraq

qorush usuli
1.qoy göshining yip,peylirini éliwitip ,uzunliqi üch santimitir ,kengliki kki santimitir qilip nipizrek yalpaqlap toghrilidu
2.göshke chilighan purchaq uni ,tuz ,soqqan kawawichin ,jangyu, tuxum, shorpa arilashturilidu.
3.qazangha yagh quyup 7-8derije qizitip göshni sélip toq sériq rengge kirgüche bir birige chaplashturmay pshurup ,texsige élip ,üstige soqqan kawawichinni tekshi sépip ,azraq su yéghi chéchip quyulidu.

alahidiliki
téshi chürük , ichi yumran , dora dermek temi küchlük.

choqvre چۆچۈرە

- uyghur ta'amliri ichide özgiche alahidilikke ige bolup , quwwetlik ta'amliridin biri bolup hésablinidu . 
chöchürige ching xémir yughurulidu . 500 gram ungha 300 gram su , bir tu'i'um , bir ash qoshuq tuz sélinidu . andin yughurup yaxshi cheylep tindurimiz . xémir obdan tindurghanda pakiz yol löngge bilen mexsus ishlitidighan qeghezge yögep qoysa yaxshi bolidu . andin uni zowula qilip , qolimizda yaplaqlap noghush bilen yéyip , ong we tetür deste qilip qatlap késip jilte teyyarlaymiz . her bir jiltige bir chay qoshuqta qiyma sélip tuxum sériqi chongluqida chöchüre tügimiz .
sémiz qoy göshidin bir kilogram ushshaq toghrap , 200 gram piyazni awwal yapilaqlap , andin göshke arilashturup , azraq su chéchip demlep turup chachqu bilen ushshaq chanaymiz . andin tétighudek shakarap , qarimuch , kakawichin sélip arilashturup qiyma teyyarlap uningdin chöchure tügüshke bashlaymiz .

qiymiliq yotaza

xuruchi :
aq un bir kilogram , zire azraq , loq gush 170 giram , sholta azraq , piyaz uch bash , yash xémirturuch 250 giram , su yighi 70 giram , tuz muwapiq miqdarda , qarmuch azraq , su 500 giram .
itish usuli :
gushni gush toghrash mashnsidin otkuzup , gushke 70 giram su quyup , ushshaq chanalghan piyaz , qarmuch , su yighi , zire , tuz arlashturup , yumshaq qiyma yaslidu .
2 . xémirni bashqa yotazningkidek qilip teyyarlap xémirning yuzige qiyma surtup , bir tereptin yugep , 70 giram chongluqta uzunchaq uzup , yotaza tugup , qasqangha silip 20-25 minut dumlep pushurlidu .

alahidilgi :
temi ozgiche bulup hem yutaza hem manta titiydu .

bolaq manta

bolaq manta

xuruchi :
aq un bir kilogram , tuz muwapiq miqdarda , loq quy gushi bir kilogram , ilman su 300 millimitir , piyaz 500 giram , soqqan zire muwapiq miqdarda , kawawichin muwapiq miqdarda , sholta azraq .
itish usuli :
1 . ungha tuz we ximir turuch silip , tuzi kemrek ximir yughurup , issiq jayda yugep 1-2 sa'et buldurlidu .
2 . gushni ushshaq toghrap , ilman su sipip , tuz , ushshaq tughralghan piyaz we soqqan kawawichin , zirini silip arlashturup qiyma teyyarlindu .
3 . boldurghan ximirgha shulta suyi birip ishlep , 20 dane zowla ozup , qul bilen bisip qilinraq jilit ichip , ichige qiyma silip manta tugup , qasqangha silip , tiz otta 20 - 25 minut horda pishurlidu .
  alahidilgi :
qiymisi mezzilik , ximri yumshaq , singishlik bulidu .

qazam porisi

qazan pörisi

un bir kilogram, pishshiq su yéghi 35 gram, gösh 500 gram, jangyu azraq, su 500 gram, qarimuch azraq, piyaz yaki küde 500 gram, tuz muwapiq miqdarda.

göshni mashinidin ötküzüp yaki ushshaq toghrap, chanalghan piyaz yaki küde, qarimuch, jangyu, tuz, pishshiq su yéghi bilen arilashturup qiyma teyyarlinidu. 

2. tuz quyup qattiqraq xémir yughurup, 35 gram xémirda 4-3 dane zowula üzüp, népiz jilt échip, ichige qiymini sélip, otturisidin püklep qatlap, etrapini yépishturup, yérim ay sheklide pöre tügüp teyyar
linidu.

3. qazangha su quyup qaynitip, qazanning sugha chilashmighan yuqiriqi qismigha tuz sépip, teyyarlanghan samsini shu yerlerge yéqip, qazanning tuwiqini ching yépip, tégi qazanning qiziqliqida, yüzi suning horida pishurulidu.

gösh pörisi

gösh pörisi
aq un birkilogram, ebjesh yagh (éritilgen qoy yéghi) 70 gram, gösh bir kilogram, tuxum bir dane, su 500 gram, piyaz
500 gram, qarimuch azraq, zire azraq, tuz muwapiq miqdarda, xémirturuch muwapiq.

gösh, piyazlarni ushshaq toghrap, soqqan zire, tuz, qarimuch bilen arilashturup qiyma teyyarlinidu. 
2. ungha tuxumni chéqip, tuz quyup, xémirturuchluq xémir yughurup, tuxum pörisidek tügüp teyyarlinidu. pörining xémiri népiz bolushi, ichidiki qiymiliri körünüp turushi lazim. 
.3 pishurulushi tuxum pörisini pishurushqa oxshaydu."

samsa

samsa
un bir kilogram, zire muwapiq, loq gösh bir kilogram, tuz muwapiq miqdarda, quyruq yagh 175 gram, qarimuch muwapiq, piyaz bir kilogram, su 750 gram (xémirgha 500 gram, qiymigha yérim jing su kétidu).

göshni ushshaq toghrap, yérim jing ilman su arilashturup su yédürüp, uni ushshaq toghralghan dümbe yagh, piyaz, soqulghan zire, qarimuch, tuz bilen arilashturup qiyma qilinidu. 
2. quwwetsiz tuz süyide pétir xémir yughurup yaxshi ishlep, 15

seriq ash

ئاق ئۇن بەش كىلوگرام، سوققان لازا ئازراق، تۇخۇم سەككىز دانە، ئاچچىقسۇ بىر كىلوگرام، پۇرچاق ئۇنى 140 گرام، سامساق ئۈچ باش، شولتا ئازراق، كۈدە 175 گرام، شاخار ئازراق، شېكەر رېڭى ئازراق، ئۇششاق بەسەي بىر يېرىم كىلوگرام، كۈنجۈت يېغى ئازراق، پالەك ياكى تەرخەمەك 500 رام، كۈنجۈت (زىما) 140 گرام

1 . تۇزنى كەمرەك قىلىپ خېمىر يۇغۇرۇپ، بىر سائەت تىندۇرغاندىن كېيىن، خېمىرنى تۇز، شولتا، شاخار بېرىپ يەنە ئىشلەيدۇ. 
2. پىشقان خېمىرنى ئۈچ بۆلەككە بۆلۈپ، ھەربىر بۆلەكنى ئۇزۇنچاق يوغان يۇمىلاقلاپ، بىر قېتىم ئوڭ، بىر قېتىم تەتۈر تولغاپ، توم - ئىنچىكىلىكى ئىنچىكە بارماقچە چىققۇدەك
تەكشى ھالەتتە كەلگەندە ئۈستىگە قۇرغۇن سېپىپ، ئىككى بېشىدىن تۇتۇپ يۈرەكلىك ھالدا سوزۇپ، بىر غۇلاچ بولغاندا ئوتتۇرىسىدىن قاتلاپ سوزۇپ، چاچتەك ئىنچىكە سوزۇلغىچە داۋاملاشتۇرۇپ، ئىككى بېشىدىكى توم خېمىرنى كېسىۋېتىپ، سوزۇلغان قىسمىنى قايناۋاتقان قازانغا سېلىپ بەش مىنۇت قاينىتىپ، پىشقاندىن كېيىن سۈزۈپ ئېلىپ
سوغۇق سۇدا ئىككى قېتىم چايقاپ ئېلىپ، كۈنجۈت يېغىدا ياغلاپ قويۇلىدۇ. 
3. قازانغا سۇ قۇيۇپ قاينىتىپ، توغرالغان يېسىۋىلەك (بەسەي) ياكى تۇرۇپنى سېلىپ قاينىتىپ، چىلىغان پۇرچاق ئۇنى، تۇز سېلىپ، تۇخۇمنى چېقىپ ئارىلاشتۇرۇپ، شېكەر رېڭى، پالەك سېلىپ قويۇق پىششىق شورپا تەييارلىنىدۇ. 
4. سوققان لازا، ئۇششاق چانالغان سامساقنى قىزىق ياغقا سېلىپ قورۇپ، ئازراق ئاچچىقسۇ ئارىلاشتۇرۇپ، سۇيۇق ياغ لازا تەييارلىنىدۇ. كۈنجۈت بوتقىسى سوغۇق سۇدا سۇيۇلدۇر
ۇلىدۇ. كۈدىنى قايناق سۇغا بېسىپ ئېلىپ قىسقا - قىسقا توغرىلىنىدۇ. 
5. ئاشنى چوڭقۇر تەخسە ياكى چىنىگە ئېلىپ، ئۈستىگە پىششىق شورپا، ئاچچىقسۇ، ياغ لازا، كۈنجۈت بوتقىسى ۋە توغرالغان كۈدە سالسا بولىدۇ.

aq un besh kilogram, soqqan laza azraq, tuxum sekkiz dane, achchiqsu bir kilogram, purchaq uni 140 gram, samsaq üch bash, sholta azraq, küde 175 gram, shaxar azraq, shéker réngi azraq, ushshaq besey bir yérim kilogram, künjüt yéghi azraq, palek yaki terxemek 500 ram, künjüt (zima) 140 gram

1 . tuzni kemrek qilip xémir yughurup, bir sa'et tindurghandin kéyin, xémirni tuz, sholta, shaxar bérip yene ishleydu. 
2. pishqan xémirni üch bölekke bölüp, herbir bölekni uzunchaq yoghan yumilaqlap, bir qétim ong, bir qétim tetür tolghap, tom - inchikiliki inchike barmaqche chiqqudek
tekshi halette kelgende üstige qurghun sépip, ikki béshidin tutup yüreklik halda sozup, bir ghulach bolghanda otturisidin qatlap sozup, chachtek inchike sozulghiche dawamlashturup, ikki béshidiki tom xémirni késiwétip, sozulghan qismini qaynawatqan qazangha sélip besh minut qaynitip, pishqandin kéyin süzüp élip
soghuq suda ikki qétim chayqap élip, künjüt yéghida yaghlap qoyulidu. 
3. qazangha su quyup qaynitip, toghralghan yésiwilek (besey) yaki turupni sélip qaynitip, chilighan purchaq uni, tuz sélip, tuxumni chéqip arilashturup, shéker réngi, palek sélip qoyuq pishshiq shorpa teyyarlinidu. 
4. soqqan laza, ushshaq chanalghan samsaqni qiziq yaghqa sélip qorup, azraq achchiqsu arilashturup, suyuq yagh laza teyyarlinidu. künjüt botqisi soghuq suda suyuldur
ulidu. küdini qaynaq sugha bésip élip qisqa - qisqa toghrilinidu. 
5. ashni chongqur texse yaki chinige élip, üstige pishshiq shorpa, achchiqsu, yagh laza, künjüt botqisi we toghralghan küde salsa bolidu.